ince the post-World War II era, the use of public procurement as a tool to stimulate technology and innovation has been increasingly targeted by policy makers. In addition to stimulating technology or research and development, one of the most important approaches in innovative public procurement is to apply policies to stimulate generic technology and innovation in public procurement. The present article focuses on the case study in Iran on the latter topic. On this basis, all dimensions and opportunities of the Tender act approved in 2004, with the aim of promoting a innovation-oriented public procurement in Iran has been considered. in the first step, Due to the relationship of the laws to each other, the system of laws and regulations related to the holding of tenders in the country has been identified and the challenges of Iranian technology knowledge-based and innovatiove companies to increase market share in the market has been identified. Following the qualitative research approach, the interview guidelines were formulated and after semi-structured interviews were done, then data content analysis was so. In the end, As a result of the research, the proposed policies were developed at three levels, including reforming the legal framework, reforming and reinforcing support systems and developmental plans.

Introduction: Social responsibility from an ethical point of view includes the obligations and duties of natural and legal persons towards society and the environment. The moral behavior of people, like understanding of social responsibility, depends on their liberal ideology, beliefs and human values. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to study the relationship between liberalism and human values with the moral understanding of social responsibility. Material & Methods: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational survey. The statistical population includes the financial managers of the companies admitted to the stock exchange, and the questionnaire was randomly distributed among them and 110 questionnaires were received. The sampling method is random. The research tool is a questionnaire and multivariate regression using SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Results: The research results show that human values based on public interest have a significant and positive relationship with the moral understanding of social responsibility. But the thinking of liberalism does not have a meaningful relationship with the moral understanding of social responsibility. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, human values based on public interest can be considered as a tool to strengthen the moral behavior of company managers regarding corporate social responsibility. Also, improving the thinking of liberalism in managers can strengthen their social responsibility. In this case, the policy makers of Stock Exchange can direct the managers of the listed companies to comply more with the social responsibility of the company, through teaching human values and strengthening those values, as well as monitoring the implementation of ethical regulations

One of the important concepts in topos theory is the concept of (weak) Lawvere-Tierney topology. A class of (weak) Lawvere topology on the topos act-S of right acts over a fixed monoid S is ideal topology which has been introduced by the authors in [13]. In this paper we first give some characterizations of sheaves with respect to this kind of topologies. Then, using this topology, we construct a Hoehnke radical on this topos. Finally, we investigate the relationship between the corresponding sheaf to the closure operator obtained from this radical and the corresponding sheaf with respect to the ideal topology...

New public management is a new branch of management that has focused on promoting management science aspects. This idea is based on presenting new patterns to design frameworks in administrative system and achieving a developing administrative law. The main question that was raised and examined in this article is how the capacities and applicable models in the Iranian administrative system can be evaluated in order to apply the new public management model. In the Iranian administrative law system, the new public management doctrine can be seen at both levels of policy making and executive layer. For instance, the emphasis of the General Policies of Article 44 of the Iranian Constitution on the decentralization and privatization of the economy has not only stopped at the normative and regulatory stage, but has been extended to institutionalization. As the Competition Council is a clear example, it is an important actor in the development of new public management and market regulation. The executive level can be seen in administrative regulations, especially the Civil Service Management act. Also, according to the third principle of the Constitution to creating a proper administrative system and eliminating unnecessary organization, understanding the new public management can lead to structural-normative reform in the Iranian administrative law system.

In Iranian criminal law, in addition to criminalizing insults to persons, which are interpreted as simple insults In Iranian criminal law and have a private and forgivable aspect, there are several instances of insults with a general description of aggravated criminal insults. While they have more severe punishments, their most important and common feature is that they have a public and unforgivable aspect, and because of this feature, regardless of the real victim's complaint, the public prosecutor, assuming he is aware of the crime or its report, is obliged to prosecute the offender and bring him to justice. According to Article 11 of the Law on Reduction of Imprisonment, approved in 2020, one of the cases of aggravated insult, i.e. insulting officials and employees while serving, is excluded from the category of unforgivable crimes and the general aspect of this crime has been removed. This legal change and the subsequent judicial procedure, from the perspective of structural coordination and efficiency of criminal policy regarding the crime of insulting the authorities, have created questions and challenges that have been addressed in this study through analytical and interpretive methods. In this study, by examining the challenges arising from the deprivation of the public aspect of the crime of insulting the authorities, it is proposed to amend the law or provide a favourable judicial interpretation to resolve the problems.

One of the basic principles in criminal law is the principle of legality of crimes and punishments. Crimes, punishments and their qualities under the above principle must be foreseen. Different legislatures have incorporated this principle into either criminal law, constitutions, or our rights. In the present study, with a descriptive-analytical method and using library sources, we investigate the case of fasting or not in the scope of the mentioned principle. The religion of Islam, by bringing the rule of ugliness of the eagle of Balabian, has confirmed the principle of legality of crimes and punishments, and judges should consider such a principle in their rulings, and behavior that is not considered a crime in the law can not be ruled and interpreted. Judges must also be within the framework of the principle, and behavior such as fasting in public, although morally ugly, but until explicitly criminalized in the law, can not be interpreted by Article 638 of the Islamic Penal Code approved in 1996, which is made of words and phrases Vague took advantage of such behavior and criminalized it. Because human actions and omissions, no matter how reprehensible and harmful to the social system, are not punishable as long as there is no provision for it in the law. In other words, human actions are permissible as long as the legislator does not criminalize the act or omission of the act and does not prescribe a punishment for it.

The affiliation of the first author was incorrectly listed. The correct affiliation is: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Sports Management, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

Introduction: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is very debilitating disorder that disrupts many aspects of life, and in severe cases reduces a person's quality of life. Therefore, the use of unified transdiagnostic experimental therapy is essential. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the act Matrix and act Focused on Compassion on social anxiety disorder. Materials and Method: This study was a clinical trial with a single-case experimental study non-concurrent multiple baseline design, who performed on 6 students with social anxiety disorder who were selected based on purposive random sampling. The treatment lasted for 12 sessions (60 minutes) with two-month follow-up. To compare the results of these two treatment models, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (Heimberg & et al., 1999), Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (Raes & et al., 2011) Acceptance and action Questionnaire (Second Version, Bond & et al., 2011) and the Valued Living Questionnaire (Wilson & et al., 2010) were used. Data were analyzed by visual drawing, recovery percentage, stable change index and six indicators of clinical efficiency. Findings: The results indicated that both methods of act Matrix and act Focused on Compassion reduced social anxiety (Z<-1. 96) and increased acceptance and action flexibility, self-compassion, and a valuable life in the last stage of therapy and follow-up is effective and significant (Z>1. 96). Furthermore, the results of this study in the follow-up phase indicated the continuity of the effectiveness and efficiency of these two integrated interventions on social anxiety disorder. Conclusion: This study supports the effectiveness of the Matrix of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and the treatment of compassion-focused acceptance and commitment in students with social anxiety disorder. Extended bstract Introduction Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common and chronic mental disorders with early onset and continuous periods (1, 2). this is very debilitating disorder that disrupts many aspects of life, and in severe cases reduces a person's quality of life (5). furthermore, this disorder is one of the most difficult anxiety disorders in resistance to therapy and has indicated the least therapeutic effect compared to other anxiety disorders among adults and children (2, 7). in case untreated, this disorder can severely damage individual, educational, and social capacities throughout life (8). Since the fact that people with social anxiety disorder show difficulties in regulating emotions and psychological flexibility, and also have inadequacies in intrapersonal and interpersonal functions and compassion. the use of unified transdiagnostic experimental therapies is essential. On the other hand, the lack of sufficient background in these two new integrated models, and the existence of shortcomings in clinical experiences and experimental research evidence, a comparative study between these two new models on the four variables of social anxiety, flexibility Acceptability and action, valuable life and self-compassion in the form of a clinical trial with a single-case experimental study non-concurrent multiple baseline design are necessary to clarify the differences between the two intervention methods between the variables. Also determine which treatment method is more effective and more sustainable. Based on this, the research questions were designed as follows: 1. Is the act Matrix more effective in reducing social anxiety than that of the act Focused on Compassion? 2. Is the act Matrix more effectiv in increasing flexibility, Self-Compassion and Valuable Living than those of the act Focused on Compassion? Material and methods This study was registered on the Iran Clinical Trials website under No. IRCT20200816048424N1. The protocol on matrix of acceptance and commitment therapy was developed based on the agenda (34) for social anxiety disorder by the first researcher. The researcher participated in several specialized workshops on act, act MATRIX and had experience and specialty at the number 326 of the psychological system. This protocol was approved in terms of content by asking the opinion of three experts familiar with third wave therapies. The protocol on therapy of compassion-based acceptance and commitment is based on the agenda (38-40) developed by Esmaili (30). The present study was a single experimental design with asynchronous multiple baseline, being performed by purposeful sampling during 12 sessions of 60 minutes, with 2-month follow-up on six students with anxiety disorder. Such individuals were evaluated for multiple baseline, therapy and two-month follow-up during early August 2020 and mid-December 2021. Inclusion criteria were the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder, history of disorder for two years, age range 20-28 years, level of undergraduate and graduate education, satisfaction and commitment to participate in research, not participating in other therapies at the same time. Exclusion criteria were absence of more than two sessions, a history of psychotic or bipolar disorder throughout life, a history of schizoid and avoidant personality disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic and suicidal ideation during the last six months, having substance or alcohol abuse. In order to compare the results of these two integrated therapy models, the Social Anxiety Scale (43), the Acceptance and Practice Flexibility Questionnaire-Second Version (46), the Self-Compassion-Short Form Scale (48), and the Life Questionnaire. Valuable (50) were used. The data were analyzed by visual mapping, recovery percentage, stable change index, and six clinical performance indices. Findings The results indicated that both methods of acceptance and commitment therapy matrix and compassion-based acceptance and commitment therapy reduced social anxiety (Z<-1. 96) and increased acceptance and action flexibility, self-compassion, and a valuable life in the last stage of therapy and follow-up is effective and significant (Z>1. 96). Furthermore, the results of this study in the follow-up phase indicated the continuity of the effectiveness and efficiency of these two integrated interventions on social anxiety disorder. Discussion The integrated intervention matrix of acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-based acceptance and commitment therapy teach students with pervasive and specific social anxiety to experience the hooks of the thief and threat system through the experience of perspective and perspective taking and live in the present instead of getting stuck in the sticky stories of the past and future worries. Thus, they can achieve an efficient, vibrant, and meaningful life without relying on a transient feeling and mood by becoming aware of the consequences of their interpersonal behavior, understanding the interaction of their own and others' matrix diagrams and functional measurement, turning their attention to perspective and unique values and individuals and focusing on the important things in life. Conclusion This study supported the effectiveness and efficiency of the acceptance and commitment therapy matrix and the treatment of compassion-based acceptance and commitment in students with social anxiety disorder. Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines Ethical basics observed in this study were patient consent form for voluntary participation in written interventions, observing the principle of confidentiality, informing the subjects of the research objectives, considering the health and comfort of the subjects, the right to participate or not participate in the research, holding free sessions, and the intervention of results without mentioning the names of individuals. Funding This article is extracted from the PhD. thesis of first author approved by the Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, and its has not financial suppor. Authors' contributions Design and conceptualization: Hamid Asadi & Masoud Mohammadi,Methodology, data analysis, Ghasem Naziri,Validation, Editing: Azam Davoodi and All authors, Supervision and writing: Hamid Asadi. Conflicts of interest According to the authors, this study was conducted without any financial backing or conflict of interest. Acknowledgements I would like to thank all the volunteer students and the head of Shiva Psychology and Counseling Services Center in Tehran, Dr. Ali Ghaednia Jahromi, Dr. Mohammad Reza Shegerf Nakhaei (psychiatrist) and Mr Morteza Kazemi (assistant therapist) who In this difficult situation, the Covid 19 sincerely cooperated in all of the implementation stages of the present study.